Newly established serological tests related to complement in recent years

Newly established serological tests related to complement in recent years

(1) Single diffusion hemolysis test (single radial hemolysis) Also called solid phase hemolysis test. According to the immune complex formed by the antigen (such as sheep red blood cells) and the corresponding antibody, the complement can be activated through traditional methods to cause hemolysis of sheep red blood cells, and the degree of hemolysis is proportional to the specific antibody titer.

The operation principle is explained by taking meconium as an example. Take sheep erythrocytes sensitized by anthrax antigen into the melted agarose gel, mix evenly, pour the reaction plate to make a sensitized reaction plate, punch holes, and then add the equal amount of the mixture of test serum and complement In the wells of the sensitized reaction disks, it is felt for 3 to 4 hours at room temperature. Positive people will have obvious hemolytic rings around the wells with a diameter of more than 8.1mm.

(2) The solid phase complement test (solid phase CFT) is designed based on the principle of direct complement fixation reaction, but it uses agarose gel instead of physiological saline as the medium to carry out the reaction, that is, gangrene antigen, test serum and complement Mix the same amount and put it in the incubator for 1 hour, then drop the mixture into the corresponding wells of the agarose gel containing the hemolysin-sensitized sheep red blood cells prepared in advance The control well without antigen is placed in the incubator for 3 hours, and then the test result is determined according to the size of the direct difference of the hemolysis ring between the control well and the test well of each serum. It is positive for measles.