Many households choose ceramic tiles as the surface finish materials for home walls and floors. When the materials are unqualified or the construction is improper, the hollowing phenomenon will occur between the ceramic tiles and the structural layer due to the inadequate adhesion and bonding. Tile hollow drums are also divided into local hollow drums, corner hollow drums, hollow drums between the cement layer and the wall surface, and hollow drums on the wall itself. So, what if the floor tiles are empty? Let's understand it with the editor.
1. What is floor tiles
Because there is air in the original masonry and the fly ash layer, tapping the plaster layer and the leveling layer with an empty drum hammer or a hard object is the empty drum. According to Article 4.2.5 of "Code for Quality Acceptance of Architectural Decoration Engineering" (GB50210-2001) "The plastering layer should be free of delamination and hollowing, and the surface layer should be free of ash and cracks."
2. What are the hazards of empty drums?
1. The tiles at the hollow drum are not stressed, and will easily break when subjected to external forces in the future.
2. The hollow drum may cause the tile to gradually expand the range of the hollow drum in the days to come, and finally the tile will warp or fall off.
3. The hollow drum will make it difficult to drill the wall in the future, and it is easy to break the tiles (such as when installing water heaters, mirrors, pendants, cabinets, bathroom cabinets).
4. Empty drums can cause water to accumulate inside the bathroom floor and rot and stink (the reason why many people's bathrooms have odors is here).
5. The hollow drum not only reflects the appearance, but also reflects that there may be serious problems in the construction process (such as not brushing before laying bricks).
Tile hollowing is an item that must be inspected during the acceptance of tile laying. Because if the hollow drum appears to exceed the standard, the wall is likely to crack, warp, fall off, etc., affecting the appearance of the wall and increasing the cost of repair.
Third, the reason analysis of floor tiles hollow
There are many reasons for the hollowing of the floor tiles. The base layer of the wall and the back of the floor tiles are not cleaned, there are stains and floating ash, or the wall is not wet enough, the floor tiles are not soaked with water, the quality of the cement mortar is not up to standard, the ratio is inappropriate, and the construction is bonded Not true, but the most important thing is the human factor, which is the bricklayer's sense of responsibility.
Why are there so many empty floor tiles now? In fact, if you think about it, bricklayers are priced by the square. If you mix the mortar strictly according to the ratio, spend more time mixing with the cement mortar, then smash it hard when putting the tiles. There must be a waste of time. In order to save trouble, some bricklayers applied less cement mortar to the wall and smashed it with just a few smashes. He saved time and made money, but the owner did not get high-quality decoration. Now the income of bricklayers is relatively large, most of them can reach four or five thousand, and some are more. Bricklayers with low incomes work because they work relatively finely, and those with more income work more crudely. The quality of the decoration will continue to be guaranteed.
3. The method of judging empty tiles
Five-point tapping detection method: tap the four corners and the center of the tile with a metal rod, and judge whether the tile is empty by the sound of tapping. If the knocking sound is dull, it means that the paving is more solid and firm. Conversely, the sound of "dong" sounds clear that the wall and floor tiles are not paved firmly, and there are empty drums.
Standards of tile empty drum rate
There are slight differences in the quality acceptance regulations for tiles in different regions, but generally speaking, regarding the empty drum rate of ceramic tiles, the empty drum rate of floor tiles should be controlled within 3%, and empty drums should not appear on the main channels; Control within 5%, that is, the hollow area of ​​a tile cannot exceed 5% of the tile area. If the empty drum area exceeds the specified area, rework is required.
Fourth, the first aid method for the falling of the floor tiles
There are two cases of falling tiles. One is a large area, while the other is a small area of ​​partial shedding, and the treatment methods in different situations are different. After the floor tiles such as polished tiles are bought and paved, a large area of ​​floor tiles may be warped or bulged. You need to remove the tiles in the original warped or hollow areas, remove the original cement mortar layer, clean the base layer, and restart Apply cement mortar. When cleaning polished tiles, be careful not to damage them. If you ca n’t use them again, you should buy new tiles.
Special attention should be paid to repainting the bathroom with a waterproof layer and conducting a 24-hour water-closed test. Only after passing the test, the cement mortar and ceramic tiles should be applied, and care should be taken not to damage the originally buried in the wall. Hydropower lines.
Many owners ask, what should I do if there are only a few tiles in the house? If the mortar used is not loose, and only the tiles fall off, you can scrape the mortar attached to the back and sides of the tiles first. Mix a little cement in 107 glue to make a paste, evenly apply a thin layer on the back of the tile, and then press the tile to stick it firmly. This is not only easy to do, but also avoids the dust flying when mixing cement mortar at home and polluting the indoor environment.
If the floor tiles fall off, the cement mortar layer under the floor tiles and the wall base layer or ground base layer also loosen "delamination", then you can use a spatula and other tools to clean up the cement mortar layer, reapply the cement mortar and lay the tiles. It should be noted that if the tiles are only partially peeled off, the mortar on the foundation surface must not be beaten with force to prevent the originally strong tiles around the pine. When buying tiles, you may wish to prepare some extra tiles for future needs. This not only saves extra expenses when replenishing, but also avoids color differences to the greatest extent.
Editor ’s summary: I ’ve introduced how to deal with floor tiles and empty drums. I hope it will be helpful to everyone. For more related knowledge, you can follow the information on this website.
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