Researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine recently said that when leukemia cells are ravaged in the body, the solution may be to let them grow. The researchers found a way to mature and turn dangerous leukemia cells into harmless macrophages through laboratory observation. The results are published online on the latest PNAS.
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which contains a mutation called the Philadelphia chromosome, is a highly aggressive cancer that often has a poor prognosis. Researchers have been trying to find potential treatments.
Dr. Majeti and his colleagues collected leukemia cells from the patient and tried to keep the cells alive on the culture dish. "We fed them all kinds of possible things to help them survive," Dr. Majeti said. They then discovered that some leukemia cells are changing shape and size and become macrophage-like. They identified the findings but did not know why, until they remembered an ancient research paper that showed that early mouse B-cell progenitors might be forced to become macrophages if exposed to certain transcription factors. The researchers immediately confirmed that myeloid differentiation-promoting cytokines are the key molecules. The transformed leukemia cells are similar in appearance, gene expression and function to normal macrophages. More importantly, these transformed B cells do not cause leukemia after transplantation into immunodeficient mice! This directly confirms that leukemia cells have lost their carcinogenicity after reprogramming, which undoubtedly suggests a leukemia treatment. a new strategy.
The researchers will next look at whether they can find a drug that can induce the same response and use it as a basis for the treatment of leukemia. In fact, there have been some precedents for similar treatments: retinoic acid is commonly used in another type of acute promyelocytic leukemia, which converts leukemia cells into mature granulocytes. This treatment is the only cancer treatment that has previously made cancer cells "mature." Maybe in the near future, we can find out more.
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