Located in the southwestern frontier of China, Yunnan Province is bordered by Vietnam, Laos and Myanmar and is China's gateway to Southeast Asia. Yunnan Province is a major forestry province in China. Since natural forests have been banned, border trade has become the main source of timber in Yunnan Province.
Vietnam
Vietnam is located south of the Tropic of Cancer. The climate is hot and humid, and the land is fertile, which is conducive to the growth of various plants. Vietnam has a total area of ​​9.315 million hectares, accounting for about 22% of the country's total area. Distributed tropical rain forest, tropical deciduous monsoon forest, subtropical forest and coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest. There are more than 200 species of plants, more than 1,000 genera, and more than 7,000 species. Among them, precious wood such as eucalyptus, nanmu, gemu, teak and iron wood are important commodities for Vietnam's export earnings. Vietnam has a lot of valuable wood, with an annual output of 950,000 cubic meters of wood. It borders Yunnan and Guangxi, China. However, in order to protect forest resources and increase the added value of export products, the Vietnamese government banned the export of logs, and only a small amount of timber entered China through border trade.
Main border timber
蚬木 Burretiodendron hsienmu Chun et how (commonly known as iron wood)
Burretiodendron Rehd. Eucalyptus Tiliaceae
Evergreen large arbor, bark gray-brown to dark brown, smooth or shallow clump, and the epidermis is exfoliated. The heartwood is reddish brown to dark reddish brown, the growth wheel is not obvious or slightly noticeable, and the light between the wheels is light or dark. The tube hole is slightly less, slightly smaller to medium, and it is white under the naked eye, visible under the magnifying glass; the size is quite uniform, the distribution is uniform (discrete material), oblique or scattered. The axial thin wall has a small amount of tissue and is tubular. Wood ray is at most, very fine to medium. The wood texture is diagonally interlaced, very heavy and very hard.
Vietnamese benzoin Styrax tonkinensis (Pierre) Creib. ex H.
Benzoin genus Styrax L benzoin Styracaceae.
Evergreen trees. The bark is gray-black with white patches and a fine longitudinal crack on the surface. The sapwood is yellow and white, and the difference between the heart and the sapwood is not obvious. Shiny, no special smell and taste. The growth wheel is slightly noticeable with dark lines between the wheels. The tube hole is slightly less to medium, slightly smaller to medium; the porous material to the semi-annular hole material; the diameter or scattered; the invading body is not seen. Axial parenchyma was not seen. Most of the wood rays; very fine to medium, obvious under the magnifying glass; very thin ray markings on the diameter cutting surface, not obvious. Straight texture; very fine structure, uniform; light and soft.
Lemon 桉Eucalyptus citriodora Hook.f.
Eucalyptus L'Herit. Myrtaceae Myrtaceae
Evergreen large tree with straight trunks, gray bark and smooth. The difference between heart and sapwood is slightly obvious, and the heartwood is dark yellowish brown. Fresh wood has an acid odor. The growth wheel is slightly noticeable with a dark band between the wheels. The tube hole is less to a little less, slightly smaller to medium, visible under the naked eye; the size is slightly uniform (discrete material), the distribution is uneven; the oblique crack or zigzag. The axial thin-walled structure resembles a loop bundle. Wood ray is at most, very fine and very fine. The texture is staggered, the structure is fine, and the material is hard and heavy.
Laos Laos is located inland and belongs to the inland tropical monsoon climate. It is clearly divided into two seasons (rainy season, dry season) during the year.
Laos is the country with the largest proportion of forest area and the largest amount of precious wood in the world. The forest area is 14-15 million hectares. Laos borders Jiangcheng County and Mengla County in Yunnan Province, and its border is short. The number of border trade timber is small.
Main border timber
Betula alnoides Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don
Birch Betula L. Birchaceae
Deciduous trees. The bark is brown to reddish brown, and the paper is transversely peeled off. The wood is reddish brown to taupe, the difference between the heart and the sapwood is not obvious, the growth wheel is slightly obvious or obvious, and the wheel boundary is thin. The tube hole is slightly less, slightly smaller to medium, and evenly distributed (discrete material). Axial parenchyma was not seen. The wood ray is as low as medium; it is very fine to slightly fine, and it is clear under the magnifying glass; there are very fine ray spots on the radial section. The texture is straight, the structure is fine, uniform, and the hard weight is medium.
Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz, commonly known as rosewood
Pterocarpus Pterocarpus Linn. Paphiopedilum Papilionaceae
Big tree. The heartwood is light red to dark brick red with dark stripes; the heartwood and sapwood are distinctly different, and the sapwood is grayish white. The growth wheel is slightly obvious to obvious. Loose or semi-annular pores; tube pores visible to the naked eye; slightly less; slightly larger; with gum or sediment. There are many axial thin-walled structures, mainly the tube-shaped band (located outside the growth wheel) and the ring-shaped tube. Visible under the wood ray magnifying glass; medium to slightly dense; very narrow. The wood is shiny; the texture is staggered; the structure is uniform. Wood weight (density 0.80~0.86g/cm3); hard; high strength.
Pometia tomentosa Teysm et Binn.
Pometia JRet G.Forst. Sapindaceae
Evergreen large trees. The bark is dark red, smooth to slightly rough and not cracked. The wood is light reddish brown to reddish brown, the difference between the heart and the sapwood is not obvious, and the internal wood is slightly darker. The growth wheel is noticeable with a dark band between the wheels. The tube hole is very small at least; medium to slightly larger, slightly obvious under the naked eye; uniform size, slightly even distribution (discrete material). The axial thin tissue is slightly less; the wheel-bound and the tubular shape. Wood ray is at most; very fine to slightly fine, visible under a magnifying glass; very fine ray markings on the radial section. The texture is straight, the track surface is slightly staggered; the structure is fine to medium, uniform, medium in weight, and medium to hard.
Myanmar
Myanmar is located in the northwest of Southeast Asia, between the Tibetan Plateau and the Malay Peninsula, bordering India and Bangladesh in the northwest, and northeast.
It is adjacent to China and Laos, adjacent to Thailand in the southeast and Bay of Bengal in the southwest. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south, and the terrain changes greatly. Most of the region has a tropical monsoon climate. The forest coverage rate is 51%, mainly in tropical evergreen forests, but there are also alpine coniferous forests in the north. Myanmar is a major producer of quality wood teak, and about 75% of the world's natural teak grows in Myanmar. Myanmar also grows rare species such as dipterocarp, ironwood, red sandalwood and mahogany. Wood is Myanmar's main export earning product and an important country for timber trade in Yunnan Province.
Main border timber
(including Laos’ main border timber)
Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gord.var. langbianensis (A.Chev.) Gaussen
Pinus Pinus L. Pinaceae Pinaceae
arbor. The bark is taupe and is spalled in irregular scaly pieces. The sapwood is light yellow or yellowish brown, and the susceptible bacteria are blue-colored. The heart and sapwood are distinctly different, and the heartwood is reddish brown or yellowish brown. The wood is shiny and has a strong rosin smell. The growth wheel is extremely clear, the width is uneven, the late material is obvious, and the color is dark. In the morning and evening, the material is changing rapidly. Axial thin-walled tissue is missing. The wood ray is less to medium, very fine to very fine, clear under the magnifying glass; the ray pattern on the radial section is visible under the naked eye. There are many resin channels, which are distributed in the early and late materials, with light spots on the cross-section and dark brown stripes on the diameter or chord. The wood structure is thick, uneven, dense, and soft.
Hemlock Tsuga dumosa (D.Don) Eichl.
Hemlock Tsuga Carr. Pinaceae Pinaceae
arbor. The bark is thick, taupe or dark gray-brown, soft, and the longitudinal cracks are irregularly lamellar. The wood is yellowish white to pale yellowish brown and reddish, and the difference between the heart and the sapwood is not obvious. The growth wheel is clear and the late wood is dark. From early to late, the material is slightly changed, and the material line is slightly obvious in the morning and evening. Axial thin-walled tissue is missing. The wood ray is subtle to very fine, clear under the magnifying glass; the ray pattern on the radial section is slightly obvious. The normal resin channel is absent, with a chord-aligned wound axial resin channel. The wood texture is straight and even, the structure is fine to medium, and the material is soft and soft.
Southwestern Elm Alnus nepalensis D.Don commonly known as Dongguamu
Alnus Hill. Betulaceae
The bark is dark green when young, grayish brown when old, irregular deep and longitudinal. The wood is light reddish brown, and the difference between the heart and the sapwood is not obvious. The growth wheel is slightly clear. The tube hole is slightly more, medium to slightly less, slightly visible under the naked eye, clear under the magnifying glass; uniform size (discrete material), uneven distribution; diameter column. Axial parenchyma was not seen. There are two kinds of wood ray; the wood ray is divided into two types: the narrow wood ray is slightly visible under the magnifying glass; the wide wood ray (polymerized wood ray) is obvious on the transverse section under the naked eye, and the longitudinal section of the chord is brown, and the cut surface is formed. Longitudinal (or slanted) brown markings. The texture is straight, the structure is fine to medium, light and soft.
Dipterocarpus grandiflorus Blanco
Dipterocarpus Gaertn. Dipterocarpaceae
Large arbor, heartwood gray reddish brown to reddish brown; heart sapwood difference is slightly obvious. The sapwood is light grayish brown. The growth wheel is not obvious. Loose hole material; tube hole is obvious under the naked eye, single tube hole; slightly less, at least to medium, slightly uniform in size, uneven distribution. The invader was not seen and the brown gum was visible. The axial thin-walled tissue is as small as the iliac crest, the band is strip-shaped, or is wing-like around the intercellular channel. Wood rays can be seen under the naked eye, thin to medium; slightly wide to narrow. The luster of the wood is weak; the texture is straight, the structure is slightly thicker, slightly uniform; the weight is slightly heavier, slightly harder to harder.
White Dora Double Shorea hypochra Hance
Shorea Roxb.ex Gaerth Dipterocarpaceae
Large arbor, heartwood white to light tan; the difference between heart and sapwood is not obvious. The growth wheel is not obvious. Loose hole material; tube hole is obvious under the naked eye, single tube hole and short diameter cut tube hole; slightly less, slightly larger to medium, size one to one, evenly distributed. The invader and gum were not seen. The axial thin-walled structure is rich, the loop tube is bundled and wing-shaped, and a few are scattered and linear. Wood ray is thin to medium; slightly wide to narrow. The wood is slightly shiny; there is no special smell and taste; the structure is slightly thick and uniform; the weight is medium.
Ebony Diospyros ebenum Koenig
Diospyros L. Persimmon Ebenaceae
arbor. The heartwood and sapwood are distinctly different, and the heartwood is black to black. Sometimes the yellow-brown pinstripe is faintly visible on the longitudinal section; the sapwood is grayish to pale yellowish brown. The growth wheel is not obvious. The tube hole is not visible under the naked eye, and the magnifying glass is clear. The single tube hole is the main one. A few short diameter columns are used to make the tube hole. The number is small, at least, very small to slightly smaller, and the size is slightly larger. The tube hole often contains dark brown. gum. The amount of axial thin-walled tissue is large, visible under the naked eye, and the concentric layer is thin-lined from the tube, and scattered and polymerized. The wood ray is visible under the magnifying glass, and it is a white or thin white point with a length of rosary. It is dense to very dense, very fine to very fine. Wood has no special smell and taste. The texture is straight or staggered, the structure is very thin and uniform; the material is even hard (density 0.92~1.19g/cm3).
Dalbergia fusca Pierre black rosewood
Dalbergia Linn.f. Paphiopedilum Papilionaceae
Deciduous trees. The bark is taupe, shallow and longitudinal, with strips peeling off. The sapwood is light yellowish brown, the heart and sapwood are distinctly different, and the heartwood is dark brown to black. The wood is shiny. The growth wheel is not obvious to a slight extent, with dark lines between the wheels. The number of tube holes is small, medium to slightly larger, visible under the naked eye; the distribution is slightly uniform (discrete material). The amount of axial thin-walled tissue is large, visible under the naked eye, and the fistula is band-shaped, arranged in a chordwise arrangement of concentric layers. The wood ray is slightly dense to dense, very fine to very fine, and obvious under the magnifying glass. The wood structure is fine, uniform, heavy and hard.
Hung Hom Toona ciliata Roem. Toona M.Roem.
Meliaceae Juss. Meliaceae
Deciduous or evergreen large trees. The bark is taupe or dark brown, longitudinally split, and has a rectangular block shape. The sapwood is light reddish brown, the heartwood is dark reddish brown, and the heartwood is clearly different. The wood is shiny and has an aromatic scent. The growth wheel is obvious. The tube hole is small, slightly larger to very large, obvious under the naked eye; gradually decreasing to the outside of the growth wheel (half-ring hole material); containing reddish brown gum. The axial thin-walled structure is obvious under the magnifying glass; the tubular shape and the wheel boundary shape. The wood ray is as low as medium; very fine to medium, slightly seen under the naked eye; the ray pattern of the radial section is obvious. Medium to thick, slightly uniform; light and soft.
Ta's red heart paint Gluta tavoyana Hook. F commonly known as small mahogany
. Gluta L, Anacardiaceae
arbor. Wood is a loose hole material. The heartwood and sapwood are distinctly different, the heartwood is bright red to dark reddish brown, the sapwood is light yellow to pink, the growth wheel is slightly obvious, and the longitudinal section has dark pinstripes. The tube hole can be seen under the naked eye, scattered, the number is very small, at least medium to large, with a single tube hole as the main, a few short diameter columns of the tube hole, the size is slightly up; with an invading body and white sediment. The axial thin-walled tissue is rich, visible under the naked eye, reddish-brown; rounded, banded and looped. The wood ray is slightly dense, very fine to slightly fine, visible under the magnifying glass. The wood is shiny and has no special smell or taste. The texture is straight or oblique, the structure is fine and uniform; the material is hard (density 0.75~0.85g/cm3).
Bird foot rosewood Pterocarpus pedatus Pierre rosewood
Pterocarpus Pterocarpus Linn. Paphiopedilum Papilionaceae
arbor. Wood is a loose hole to a semi-annular hole. The heartwood and sapwood are distinctly different, and the heartwood is reddish brown to purple reddish brown. The sapwood is light yellow, the growth wheel is obvious, and there are dark pinstripes on the longitudinal section. The tube hole can be seen under the naked eye, with a single tube hole as the main, a few short diameter columns, and the number of holes is small, slightly small to medium, and the size is different. The tube hole contains a lot of reddish brown gum and white sediment. Axial thin-walled tissue can be seen under the magnifying glass; the amount is large; the main part is the sacral tube band, which is arranged in a chord direction of the concentric layer, wing-shaped and poly-winged. The wood ray is slightly dense, very fine to very fine, and clear under the magnifying glass. The new cut has aroma and no special taste. The texture is staggered, the structure is very fine to fine and uniform; the material is hard (density 0.96~1.01g/cm3).
Teak Tectona grandis Lf
Teak Tectona L. Verbenaceae Verbenaceae
Large deciduous trees with straight trunks. The sapwood is yellowish brown and reddish, and the heartwood and sapwood are distinctly different, and the heartwood is light brown to dark brown. The wood is shiny and has a slightly pungent odor when it is first cut; it is oily and sexy. The growth wheel is obvious (ring hole to half ring hole). The early tube hole is slightly larger, which is obvious under the naked eye; the number of late tube holes is small, slightly smaller, obvious under the magnifying glass; scattered or several oblique columns. The axial thin-walled tissue is visible under the magnifying glass, and is tubular and wheel-shaped. The number of wood rays is small; it is very fine to medium, and is slightly seen under the naked eye; the ray marks on the radial section are obvious.
Dalbergia oliveri Gamb
Dalbergia L. f. Paphiopediaceae Papilionaceae
Big tree. The heartwood is reddish brown or light reddish brown, and the heartwood and sapwood are distinctly different, and the sapwood is yellowish white. The growth wheel is slightly visible under the naked eye; the porous or semi-annular pore material; the tube hole can be seen to be slightly obvious under the naked eye; the number is small; the medium to slightly larger; the size is not uniform, the distribution is not uniform; scattered; with gum or sediment. The number of axial thin-walled tissues is large, and the fistulas are band-shaped (concentric circles). Visible under the wood ray magnifying glass, narrower than the tube hole; medium to slightly dense; very narrow to narrow. The wood is shiny; the texture is staggered; the structure is fine and uniform. Very heavy (density 1.04g/cm3); very hard; high strength.
Yunnan yew Taxu yunnanensis Cheng et LKFu
Taxus taxu L. Taxaceae taxaceaexa
arbor. The bark is grayish brown, grayish purple or pale purple brown, and the scaly flakes fall off. The sapwood is light yellow-brown, and the heartwood and sapwood are very distinct. The heartwood is yellow-brown to purple-red-brown, with dark brown strips on the longitudinal section. The wood has a strong luster; it has a slight aroma and tastes bitter. And the growth wheel is obvious, the width is very different, often wavy, with dark bands between the wheels; the late material is extremely narrow; the early material to the late material gradient; the late material with dark color, and the early material is distinct. Axial parenchyma was not seen. The number of wood rays is medium; very fine to very fine, not clear under the magnifying glass, and the ray markings on the radial cutting surface are missing. The resin channel is absent. Straight texture; very fine structure, uniform; weight and hardness.
Vietnam
Vietnam is located south of the Tropic of Cancer. The climate is hot and humid, and the land is fertile, which is conducive to the growth of various plants. Vietnam has a total area of ​​9.315 million hectares, accounting for about 22% of the country's total area. Distributed tropical rain forest, tropical deciduous monsoon forest, subtropical forest and coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest. There are more than 200 species of plants, more than 1,000 genera, and more than 7,000 species. Among them, precious wood such as eucalyptus, nanmu, gemu, teak and iron wood are important commodities for Vietnam's export earnings. Vietnam has a lot of valuable wood, with an annual output of 950,000 cubic meters of wood. It borders Yunnan and Guangxi, China. However, in order to protect forest resources and increase the added value of export products, the Vietnamese government banned the export of logs, and only a small amount of timber entered China through border trade.
Main border timber
蚬木 Burretiodendron hsienmu Chun et how (commonly known as iron wood)
Burretiodendron Rehd. Eucalyptus Tiliaceae
Evergreen large arbor, bark gray-brown to dark brown, smooth or shallow clump, and the epidermis is exfoliated. The heartwood is reddish brown to dark reddish brown, the growth wheel is not obvious or slightly noticeable, and the light between the wheels is light or dark. The tube hole is slightly less, slightly smaller to medium, and it is white under the naked eye, visible under the magnifying glass; the size is quite uniform, the distribution is uniform (discrete material), oblique or scattered. The axial thin wall has a small amount of tissue and is tubular. Wood ray is at most, very fine to medium. The wood texture is diagonally interlaced, very heavy and very hard.
Vietnamese benzoin Styrax tonkinensis (Pierre) Creib. ex H.
Benzoin genus Styrax L benzoin Styracaceae.
Evergreen trees. The bark is gray-black with white patches and a fine longitudinal crack on the surface. The sapwood is yellow and white, and the difference between the heart and the sapwood is not obvious. Shiny, no special smell and taste. The growth wheel is slightly noticeable with dark lines between the wheels. The tube hole is slightly less to medium, slightly smaller to medium; the porous material to the semi-annular hole material; the diameter or scattered; the invading body is not seen. Axial parenchyma was not seen. Most of the wood rays; very fine to medium, obvious under the magnifying glass; very thin ray markings on the diameter cutting surface, not obvious. Straight texture; very fine structure, uniform; light and soft.
Lemon 桉Eucalyptus citriodora Hook.f.
Eucalyptus L'Herit. Myrtaceae Myrtaceae
Evergreen large tree with straight trunks, gray bark and smooth. The difference between heart and sapwood is slightly obvious, and the heartwood is dark yellowish brown. Fresh wood has an acid odor. The growth wheel is slightly noticeable with a dark band between the wheels. The tube hole is less to a little less, slightly smaller to medium, visible under the naked eye; the size is slightly uniform (discrete material), the distribution is uneven; the oblique crack or zigzag. The axial thin-walled structure resembles a loop bundle. Wood ray is at most, very fine and very fine. The texture is staggered, the structure is fine, and the material is hard and heavy.
Laos Laos is located inland and belongs to the inland tropical monsoon climate. It is clearly divided into two seasons (rainy season, dry season) during the year.
Laos is the country with the largest proportion of forest area and the largest amount of precious wood in the world. The forest area is 14-15 million hectares. Laos borders Jiangcheng County and Mengla County in Yunnan Province, and its border is short. The number of border trade timber is small.
Main border timber
Betula alnoides Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don
Birch Betula L. Birchaceae
Deciduous trees. The bark is brown to reddish brown, and the paper is transversely peeled off. The wood is reddish brown to taupe, the difference between the heart and the sapwood is not obvious, the growth wheel is slightly obvious or obvious, and the wheel boundary is thin. The tube hole is slightly less, slightly smaller to medium, and evenly distributed (discrete material). Axial parenchyma was not seen. The wood ray is as low as medium; it is very fine to slightly fine, and it is clear under the magnifying glass; there are very fine ray spots on the radial section. The texture is straight, the structure is fine, uniform, and the hard weight is medium.
Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz, commonly known as rosewood
Pterocarpus Pterocarpus Linn. Paphiopedilum Papilionaceae
Big tree. The heartwood is light red to dark brick red with dark stripes; the heartwood and sapwood are distinctly different, and the sapwood is grayish white. The growth wheel is slightly obvious to obvious. Loose or semi-annular pores; tube pores visible to the naked eye; slightly less; slightly larger; with gum or sediment. There are many axial thin-walled structures, mainly the tube-shaped band (located outside the growth wheel) and the ring-shaped tube. Visible under the wood ray magnifying glass; medium to slightly dense; very narrow. The wood is shiny; the texture is staggered; the structure is uniform. Wood weight (density 0.80~0.86g/cm3); hard; high strength.
Pometia tomentosa Teysm et Binn.
Pometia JRet G.Forst. Sapindaceae
Evergreen large trees. The bark is dark red, smooth to slightly rough and not cracked. The wood is light reddish brown to reddish brown, the difference between the heart and the sapwood is not obvious, and the internal wood is slightly darker. The growth wheel is noticeable with a dark band between the wheels. The tube hole is very small at least; medium to slightly larger, slightly obvious under the naked eye; uniform size, slightly even distribution (discrete material). The axial thin tissue is slightly less; the wheel-bound and the tubular shape. Wood ray is at most; very fine to slightly fine, visible under a magnifying glass; very fine ray markings on the radial section. The texture is straight, the track surface is slightly staggered; the structure is fine to medium, uniform, medium in weight, and medium to hard.
Myanmar
Myanmar is located in the northwest of Southeast Asia, between the Tibetan Plateau and the Malay Peninsula, bordering India and Bangladesh in the northwest, and northeast.
It is adjacent to China and Laos, adjacent to Thailand in the southeast and Bay of Bengal in the southwest. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south, and the terrain changes greatly. Most of the region has a tropical monsoon climate. The forest coverage rate is 51%, mainly in tropical evergreen forests, but there are also alpine coniferous forests in the north. Myanmar is a major producer of quality wood teak, and about 75% of the world's natural teak grows in Myanmar. Myanmar also grows rare species such as dipterocarp, ironwood, red sandalwood and mahogany. Wood is Myanmar's main export earning product and an important country for timber trade in Yunnan Province.
Main border timber
(including Laos’ main border timber)
Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gord.var. langbianensis (A.Chev.) Gaussen
Pinus Pinus L. Pinaceae Pinaceae
arbor. The bark is taupe and is spalled in irregular scaly pieces. The sapwood is light yellow or yellowish brown, and the susceptible bacteria are blue-colored. The heart and sapwood are distinctly different, and the heartwood is reddish brown or yellowish brown. The wood is shiny and has a strong rosin smell. The growth wheel is extremely clear, the width is uneven, the late material is obvious, and the color is dark. In the morning and evening, the material is changing rapidly. Axial thin-walled tissue is missing. The wood ray is less to medium, very fine to very fine, clear under the magnifying glass; the ray pattern on the radial section is visible under the naked eye. There are many resin channels, which are distributed in the early and late materials, with light spots on the cross-section and dark brown stripes on the diameter or chord. The wood structure is thick, uneven, dense, and soft.
Hemlock Tsuga dumosa (D.Don) Eichl.
Hemlock Tsuga Carr. Pinaceae Pinaceae
arbor. The bark is thick, taupe or dark gray-brown, soft, and the longitudinal cracks are irregularly lamellar. The wood is yellowish white to pale yellowish brown and reddish, and the difference between the heart and the sapwood is not obvious. The growth wheel is clear and the late wood is dark. From early to late, the material is slightly changed, and the material line is slightly obvious in the morning and evening. Axial thin-walled tissue is missing. The wood ray is subtle to very fine, clear under the magnifying glass; the ray pattern on the radial section is slightly obvious. The normal resin channel is absent, with a chord-aligned wound axial resin channel. The wood texture is straight and even, the structure is fine to medium, and the material is soft and soft.
Southwestern Elm Alnus nepalensis D.Don commonly known as Dongguamu
Alnus Hill. Betulaceae
The bark is dark green when young, grayish brown when old, irregular deep and longitudinal. The wood is light reddish brown, and the difference between the heart and the sapwood is not obvious. The growth wheel is slightly clear. The tube hole is slightly more, medium to slightly less, slightly visible under the naked eye, clear under the magnifying glass; uniform size (discrete material), uneven distribution; diameter column. Axial parenchyma was not seen. There are two kinds of wood ray; the wood ray is divided into two types: the narrow wood ray is slightly visible under the magnifying glass; the wide wood ray (polymerized wood ray) is obvious on the transverse section under the naked eye, and the longitudinal section of the chord is brown, and the cut surface is formed. Longitudinal (or slanted) brown markings. The texture is straight, the structure is fine to medium, light and soft.
Dipterocarpus grandiflorus Blanco
Dipterocarpus Gaertn. Dipterocarpaceae
Large arbor, heartwood gray reddish brown to reddish brown; heart sapwood difference is slightly obvious. The sapwood is light grayish brown. The growth wheel is not obvious. Loose hole material; tube hole is obvious under the naked eye, single tube hole; slightly less, at least to medium, slightly uniform in size, uneven distribution. The invader was not seen and the brown gum was visible. The axial thin-walled tissue is as small as the iliac crest, the band is strip-shaped, or is wing-like around the intercellular channel. Wood rays can be seen under the naked eye, thin to medium; slightly wide to narrow. The luster of the wood is weak; the texture is straight, the structure is slightly thicker, slightly uniform; the weight is slightly heavier, slightly harder to harder.
White Dora Double Shorea hypochra Hance
Shorea Roxb.ex Gaerth Dipterocarpaceae
Large arbor, heartwood white to light tan; the difference between heart and sapwood is not obvious. The growth wheel is not obvious. Loose hole material; tube hole is obvious under the naked eye, single tube hole and short diameter cut tube hole; slightly less, slightly larger to medium, size one to one, evenly distributed. The invader and gum were not seen. The axial thin-walled structure is rich, the loop tube is bundled and wing-shaped, and a few are scattered and linear. Wood ray is thin to medium; slightly wide to narrow. The wood is slightly shiny; there is no special smell and taste; the structure is slightly thick and uniform; the weight is medium.
Ebony Diospyros ebenum Koenig
Diospyros L. Persimmon Ebenaceae
arbor. The heartwood and sapwood are distinctly different, and the heartwood is black to black. Sometimes the yellow-brown pinstripe is faintly visible on the longitudinal section; the sapwood is grayish to pale yellowish brown. The growth wheel is not obvious. The tube hole is not visible under the naked eye, and the magnifying glass is clear. The single tube hole is the main one. A few short diameter columns are used to make the tube hole. The number is small, at least, very small to slightly smaller, and the size is slightly larger. The tube hole often contains dark brown. gum. The amount of axial thin-walled tissue is large, visible under the naked eye, and the concentric layer is thin-lined from the tube, and scattered and polymerized. The wood ray is visible under the magnifying glass, and it is a white or thin white point with a length of rosary. It is dense to very dense, very fine to very fine. Wood has no special smell and taste. The texture is straight or staggered, the structure is very thin and uniform; the material is even hard (density 0.92~1.19g/cm3).
Dalbergia fusca Pierre black rosewood
Dalbergia Linn.f. Paphiopedilum Papilionaceae
Deciduous trees. The bark is taupe, shallow and longitudinal, with strips peeling off. The sapwood is light yellowish brown, the heart and sapwood are distinctly different, and the heartwood is dark brown to black. The wood is shiny. The growth wheel is not obvious to a slight extent, with dark lines between the wheels. The number of tube holes is small, medium to slightly larger, visible under the naked eye; the distribution is slightly uniform (discrete material). The amount of axial thin-walled tissue is large, visible under the naked eye, and the fistula is band-shaped, arranged in a chordwise arrangement of concentric layers. The wood ray is slightly dense to dense, very fine to very fine, and obvious under the magnifying glass. The wood structure is fine, uniform, heavy and hard.
Hung Hom Toona ciliata Roem. Toona M.Roem.
Meliaceae Juss. Meliaceae
Deciduous or evergreen large trees. The bark is taupe or dark brown, longitudinally split, and has a rectangular block shape. The sapwood is light reddish brown, the heartwood is dark reddish brown, and the heartwood is clearly different. The wood is shiny and has an aromatic scent. The growth wheel is obvious. The tube hole is small, slightly larger to very large, obvious under the naked eye; gradually decreasing to the outside of the growth wheel (half-ring hole material); containing reddish brown gum. The axial thin-walled structure is obvious under the magnifying glass; the tubular shape and the wheel boundary shape. The wood ray is as low as medium; very fine to medium, slightly seen under the naked eye; the ray pattern of the radial section is obvious. Medium to thick, slightly uniform; light and soft.
Ta's red heart paint Gluta tavoyana Hook. F commonly known as small mahogany
. Gluta L, Anacardiaceae
arbor. Wood is a loose hole material. The heartwood and sapwood are distinctly different, the heartwood is bright red to dark reddish brown, the sapwood is light yellow to pink, the growth wheel is slightly obvious, and the longitudinal section has dark pinstripes. The tube hole can be seen under the naked eye, scattered, the number is very small, at least medium to large, with a single tube hole as the main, a few short diameter columns of the tube hole, the size is slightly up; with an invading body and white sediment. The axial thin-walled tissue is rich, visible under the naked eye, reddish-brown; rounded, banded and looped. The wood ray is slightly dense, very fine to slightly fine, visible under the magnifying glass. The wood is shiny and has no special smell or taste. The texture is straight or oblique, the structure is fine and uniform; the material is hard (density 0.75~0.85g/cm3).
Bird foot rosewood Pterocarpus pedatus Pierre rosewood
Pterocarpus Pterocarpus Linn. Paphiopedilum Papilionaceae
arbor. Wood is a loose hole to a semi-annular hole. The heartwood and sapwood are distinctly different, and the heartwood is reddish brown to purple reddish brown. The sapwood is light yellow, the growth wheel is obvious, and there are dark pinstripes on the longitudinal section. The tube hole can be seen under the naked eye, with a single tube hole as the main, a few short diameter columns, and the number of holes is small, slightly small to medium, and the size is different. The tube hole contains a lot of reddish brown gum and white sediment. Axial thin-walled tissue can be seen under the magnifying glass; the amount is large; the main part is the sacral tube band, which is arranged in a chord direction of the concentric layer, wing-shaped and poly-winged. The wood ray is slightly dense, very fine to very fine, and clear under the magnifying glass. The new cut has aroma and no special taste. The texture is staggered, the structure is very fine to fine and uniform; the material is hard (density 0.96~1.01g/cm3).
Teak Tectona grandis Lf
Teak Tectona L. Verbenaceae Verbenaceae
Large deciduous trees with straight trunks. The sapwood is yellowish brown and reddish, and the heartwood and sapwood are distinctly different, and the heartwood is light brown to dark brown. The wood is shiny and has a slightly pungent odor when it is first cut; it is oily and sexy. The growth wheel is obvious (ring hole to half ring hole). The early tube hole is slightly larger, which is obvious under the naked eye; the number of late tube holes is small, slightly smaller, obvious under the magnifying glass; scattered or several oblique columns. The axial thin-walled tissue is visible under the magnifying glass, and is tubular and wheel-shaped. The number of wood rays is small; it is very fine to medium, and is slightly seen under the naked eye; the ray marks on the radial section are obvious.
Dalbergia oliveri Gamb
Dalbergia L. f. Paphiopediaceae Papilionaceae
Big tree. The heartwood is reddish brown or light reddish brown, and the heartwood and sapwood are distinctly different, and the sapwood is yellowish white. The growth wheel is slightly visible under the naked eye; the porous or semi-annular pore material; the tube hole can be seen to be slightly obvious under the naked eye; the number is small; the medium to slightly larger; the size is not uniform, the distribution is not uniform; scattered; with gum or sediment. The number of axial thin-walled tissues is large, and the fistulas are band-shaped (concentric circles). Visible under the wood ray magnifying glass, narrower than the tube hole; medium to slightly dense; very narrow to narrow. The wood is shiny; the texture is staggered; the structure is fine and uniform. Very heavy (density 1.04g/cm3); very hard; high strength.
Yunnan yew Taxu yunnanensis Cheng et LKFu
Taxus taxu L. Taxaceae taxaceaexa
arbor. The bark is grayish brown, grayish purple or pale purple brown, and the scaly flakes fall off. The sapwood is light yellow-brown, and the heartwood and sapwood are very distinct. The heartwood is yellow-brown to purple-red-brown, with dark brown strips on the longitudinal section. The wood has a strong luster; it has a slight aroma and tastes bitter. And the growth wheel is obvious, the width is very different, often wavy, with dark bands between the wheels; the late material is extremely narrow; the early material to the late material gradient; the late material with dark color, and the early material is distinct. Axial parenchyma was not seen. The number of wood rays is medium; very fine to very fine, not clear under the magnifying glass, and the ray markings on the radial cutting surface are missing. The resin channel is absent. Straight texture; very fine structure, uniform; weight and hardness.
Cutting boards are arguably one of the most important tools in your kitchen - it's near impossible to cook without one.
There are four reasons why use a Cutting Board as below:
1.Cutting boards protect your expensive counter top from damage resulting from the sharp edge of the kitchen knife.
2.They also protect the edge of the knife from damage from the counter top (at least in the example of a wood cutting board.
3.They can be used to handily move the chopped or cut food to a skillet or pot, keeping most of the mess in a small easy to clean area.
4.They can be easily cleaned and disinfected in the kitchen sink.
It is a very good idea to have more than one board, one exclusively for vegetables and one specifically for meats. Two boards help prevent cross contamination of the raw meat preparation with the vegetables and salad. Two cutting boards is one more way to keep the meal safe from bacterial contamination.
The one universally agreed upon method of cleaning and sanitizing both wood and plastic boards is as follows. First a thorough scrubbing with warm soapy water - be sure to remove all food particles, oils, grease, and residue. Secondly a mixture of water and bleach solution (one tablespoon of liquid chlorine bleach in one gallon of water) to completely disinfect the surface area all around. Thirdly and importantly let the board completely dry.
Cutting Board
Cutting Board,Chopping Board,Kitchen Cutting Board,Large Cutting Board
Yangjiang Superwins Trade Co., Ltd. , https://www.steelkitchenware.nl