Researchers from the United Kingdom and China used the advanced equipment of the British Diamond Light Source Institute to analyze the structure of a key pathogen: human enterovirus 71 (EV71). EV71 is the infant hand, foot and mouth disease that has attracted attention in the past two years. One of the main pathogens. The researchers used a synchrotron light source to observe the configuration of the virus in different states, thus revealing the dynamic mechanism of the virus. This result was also announced at the 2013 American AAAs Annual Meeting and Nature Magazine.
Enteroviruses are generally named after numbers, and the order of arrangement represents the order in which they are found. In order, this virus is named Enterovirus 71 (Human enterovirus 71), or EV71 for short. This is the latest virus found in the enterovirus group at present, and it is highly infectious and has a high morbidity rate, especially the complications of the nervous system.
Hand-foot-mouth disease has been quite prevalent in some areas of China in recent years. The number of reported cases of the disease in 2011 ranks first among Class C infectious diseases, which seriously threatens the health of infants and young children. To this end, domestic and foreign scholars have launched a series of basic research and clinical research. In this article, the researchers used the Synchrotron Radiation Light Source of the British Diamond Light Source Institute, which produces hard X-rays with high brightness and high accuracy. The advantages of straightness and high spatial coherence can realize high-resolution (sub-micron) non-destructive three-dimensional microscopic imaging of specimens, which is a great tool for structural biology research. At present, using this special light source, many important viruses have been analyzed, such as AIDS, hepatitis C virus, and some influenza viruses. This special light source can help researchers analyze the very fine structure of the virus, which is conducive to the development of new treatments and vaccines.
The crystal structure obtained by the researchers through the synchrotron light source can help them quickly observe the entire structure of the virus and the clear details, so that they can analyze the crystalline virus particles and draw a complete three-dimensional image of the virus structure. Based on these detailed mechanisms, researchers can develop new vaccines and antiviral drugs.
One of the authors of the article, Professor Dave Stuart of Oxford University, said, "We have worked with Chinese scholars to reveal the structure of EV71 and thus identify the way in which the virus spreads in human cells. These findings will be used in research and development for hand, foot and mouth The new treatment of the disease can also be directly applied to other viruses in the same family, such as the virus that causes poliomyelitis (polio, polio, also known as polio), and some common cold viruses. "
At the same time at the beginning of this year, researchers from the National Food and Drug Administration and the Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention reported in Lancet magazine the immunogenicity and safety of enterovirus 71 vaccine in domestic healthy young children and infants Experimental results, phase II clinical trial results support the development of phase III clinical trials.
This clinical trial was conducted in Donghai County, Jiangsu Province. The researchers called in 1,200 healthy boys or girls aged 6 to 36 months, and were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the average ratio. They respectively received E71 supplemented with alum Vaccines, with doses of 160U, 320U, or 640U, or 640u EV71 vaccine without adjuvants or placebo containing only alum, randomized patients were grouped according to the randomization table generated by SAS9.1. This is the first time in the world to report the results of a phase II clinical study of an enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccine in China, and to discuss the outcome of neutralizing antibodies after immunization of the vaccine. Serological studies support the development of phase III clinical trials. At the same time, a suitable dosage and dosage form for infants and young children aged 6-36 months in China (a 320-dose adjuvant vaccine 2-vaccination procedure) was also proposed.
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