[Chinese Packaging Network News] To understand the printing process, it's essential to first grasp the fundamentals of printing, including paper units, specifications, pricing formulas, and techniques. In this article, we'll walk you through the basic knowledge of printing that every professional should know.
1. Paper Units:
A. g (gram): The weight of one square meter of paper is calculated as (length × width) ÷ 2 = grams.
B. Ream: A ream consists of 500 sheets of paper, commonly used in factories for standard measurements.
C. Ton: 1 ton equals 1000 kilograms, often used in calculating overall costs.
2. Paper Specifications and Names:
The most common types of paper are categorized into four main sizes:
(1) Positive Paper: 109.2 cm x 78.7 cm
(2) Large Paper: 119.4 cm x 88.9 cm
(3) Sticker Paper: 76.5 cm x 53.5 cm
(4) Carbonless Paper: Available in positive and generous sizes, with different weights and prices based on quality and use.
Common paper types include:
(1) Copy Paper: Typically 17g, used for invoices, gift packaging, and generally white.
(2) Typing Paper: 28g, available in seven colors like white, red, yellow, blue, green, light green, and purple.
(3) Glossy Paper: 35-40g, used for single pages, forms, and low-grade printing.
(4) Writing Paper: 50-100g, commonly used for domestic printing.
(5) Shuangjiao Zhi: 60-180g, suitable for mid-range prints in China, joint ventures, and imports.
(6) Newsprint: 55-60g, used for newspapers and regular printing.
(7) Carbonless Paper: 40-150g, features a direct copy function, divided into upper, middle, and lower papers. It comes in seven colors and is often used for single and form printing.
(8) Coated Paper:
- Double Copper: 80-400g, ideal for high-end printing.
- Single Copper: Used for packaging such as boxes, cartons, and handbags.
(9) Sub-powder Paper: 105-400g, used for elegant and high-end color printing.
(10) Gray-White Paper: 200g or more, used for packaging and industrial applications.
(11) White Cardboard: 200g, double white, suitable for mid-range packaging.
(12) Kraft Paper: 60-200g, commonly used for packaging, cartons, portfolios, and envelopes.
(13) Specialty Paper: Often imported, used for covers, decorations, handicrafts, and premium products.
3. Quotation Formulas and Techniques:
A. Quotation Formula:
(1) Weight (length × width ÷ 2) = law: abundance 0.531, weight 0.43.
(2) Calculation Method: Weight (law) × grams × ton price ÷ 500 sheets × open number × print × 1.1% loss = total paper cost.
Example 1: A customer printed 5000 large 16 open, 157g double copper. How much is the paper cost?
Formula: 0.531 × 157g × 7500 RMB ÷ 500 ÷ 16 × 5000 × 1.1% = 430 RMB.
Example 2: A customer printed 8000 large 16 open, 80g offset paper. What’s the cost?
Formula: 0.531 × 80g × 6500 ÷ 500 ÷ 16 × 8000 × 1.1% = 304 RMB.
Example 3: A customer printed 70 instructions using 60g home-made paper, 20 positive 16-sheet paper. What is the cost?
Formula: 0.43 × 60g × 5500 ÷ 500 ÷ 16 × (70 × 20) × 1.1% = 273 RMB.
Example 4: A customer printed 50,000 plastic 4×5cm fillets. What is the paper cost?
Formula: 0.002 × 20 (4×5cm) × 50,000 = 0.04 RMB.
Example 5: A customer printed non-carbon paper singles (double, triple, quadruple, quintuple). What is the cost?
Formula: Double 3.43, Triple 3.93, Quadruple 4.19, Quintuple 4.34. Multiply by quantity.
Example 6: A customer printed 1000, 100, and 9 standard envelopes No. 2, 5, 6, 7, and 9 with 100g offset paper. What are the specs and cost?
Specifications:
No. 2: 11×18cm, 15 open
No. 5: 11×22cm, 12 open
No. 6: 12×23cm, 12 open
No. 7: 16×23cm, 8 open
No. 9: 23×32cm, 4 open
Cost: 0.43 × 100g × 6500 ÷ 500 × open number × print × 1.1% = cost per envelope.
Example 7: A customer printed 16 open, 28g single triple 100. What is the cost?
Formula: 1.39 × print number = 139 RMB (for 32 open, 28g × 2).
B. Tips:
(1) Observe the customer’s needs and printing requirements carefully.
(2) Measure the sample size and paper quality, and consider prepress and postpress procedures.
(3) Use a calculator to calculate costs and profits accurately.
(4) Set competitive prices—neither too high (avoid exceeding customer expectations) nor too low (stay above competitors).
(5) Negotiate with rationale, emphasizing factors like paper quality, machine type, printing speed, and delivery time.
(6) Maintain a professional and honest demeanor.
After reading this, did you feel more confident about understanding the basics of printing? For more updates, keep following Chinese Packaging Network!
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