With the continuous advancement of **3D printing technology**, the way antennas are produced for small or micro devices is undergoing a significant transformation. A notable example comes from Pulse Electronics, a San Diego-based company that recently introduced the FluidANT series, featuring a **3D printer** called FluidWRITER. This innovative machine enables the direct printing of antennas onto 3D objects, offering a new level of flexibility and efficiency in antenna manufacturing.
The antenna is often considered one of the most critical components in any mobile device. It's estimated that the global market for antennas used in smartphones, routers, and other consumer electronics exceeds $8 billion annually. As the Internet of Things (IoT) becomes more integrated into daily life, this market is expected to grow even faster.
Traditionally, manufacturers have relied on methods like laser direct structuring (LDS), foil stamping, or flexible substrates to integrate antennas into devices. However, these techniques come with limitations—especially when using brittle or costly materials. Pulse Electronics' FluidWRITER offers a game-changing alternative.
The FluidWRITER uses a 6-axis robotic arm combined with two additional rotating axes, allowing it to maneuver around objects while printing antennas via an inkjet system. The conductive ink consists of micron-sized silver particles, which can be applied to more affordable materials such as polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), and ABS. The printed circuits are just 25 microns deep and 400 microns wide. After printing, the ink cures at temperatures between 100°C and 110°C, making it ready for use. Each antenna takes about 6 to 8 seconds to print, and the company has already produced over 2 million units using this process.
Some key features of the FluidWRITER include:
1. Piezoelectric drive print head for precise dispensing
2. Real-time monitoring of print status
3. Automatic loading window for safe and easy fixture handling
4. Valve system cooling
5. Nozzle heating system
6. Pressure control for syringe back pressure
7. 15-inch HMI touch screen interface
8. Simple and intuitive user interface
9. Easy tool and fixture adjustments
10. Automatic nozzle cleaning
The printer has external dimensions of 1280 x 1230 x 1700 mm and weighs approximately 830 kg. It can print at speeds up to 50 mm per second, with a maximum build size of 200 x 250 x 150 mm.
The FluidWRITER is fully compatible with the company’s FluidPATH CADCAM software, which allows for simulation and intuitive design of conductive lines and antennas. While currently focused on antenna production, the company also sells the printer to the market for $160,000.
Although the current focus is on printing antennas on 3D surfaces, Pulse Electronics is reportedly exploring technologies for printing other conductive components as well. This development could open up new possibilities in the field of advanced manufacturing and electronics integration.
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