Environmental protection technologies and measures to be adopted by China's organic raw materials and synthetic materials industries during the "10th Five-year Plan" period:
1. The old process was reformed and no waste or waste was used. Such as ethylene direct oxidation instead of ethylene hydration production of acetaldehyde, to avoid the use of mercury-containing catalysts to eliminate mercury pollution; the use of co-oxidation instead of chlorohydrin to produce propylene oxide; ethylene oxychlorination instead of acetylene production of vinyl chloride; ethylene Fluidized bed catalytic gas-phase synthesis instead of acetylene production of vinyl acetate.
2. The phasing out of sodium cyanide production of plexiglass devices is being phased out. New installations must use an ammoxidation process to make acrylonitrile units and by-product hydrogen cyanide to produce organic MMA. The cyanide-containing wastewater discharged from the retained sodium cyanide production plant must be treated with reliable treatment technologies to achieve discharge standards.
3. It is forbidden to build a 1,000-ton anhydrous hydrogen fluoride plant and incinerate the highly toxic residue of F22 cracking residue and intermediate residue residue. It is forbidden to dilute and discharge.
4. Conduct research on efficient pretreatment or recycling technologies. Comprehensive utilization of high concentrations of waste liquids and residues of organic products such as methanol, ethanol, butyl octanol, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate. No virucidal liquid and residue are used in the technology. It is necessary to use incineration or fixed-point storage.
5. The use of “benzene-free terminators†instead of benzene terminators in the production process of chloroprene rubber can save a large amount of industrial benzene per year and eliminate benzene pollution to the environment.
(6) Recovery of phenol from waste water from the production of phenol, hydroquinone, phenolic resin, etc. using liquid membrane extraction or macroporous resin adsorption. The effluent contains phenol up to 0.5 mg/L and the phenol removal efficiency is over 99%.
7. The sodium formate in pentaerythritol mother liquor was recovered by fractional crystallization. The mother liquor can also be acidified, esterified and aminated to produce dimethylformamide (DMF).
8. Epoxy compounds (ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, epichlorohydrin) saponification wastewater is an organic waste water with high salt content, high suspended solids, high organic chloride concentration, and hard to degrade. Air floatation is recommended - Anaerobic-aerobic treatment technology.
9. Nitrobenzene hydrogenation process for the production of aniline production wastewater, azeotropic distillation can be used to recover aniline, the wastewater after chemical oxidation, the aniline removal rate of 99.99%, the effluent pollutants indicators up to standard emissions.
10. Acrylonitrile production wastewater contains toxic substances such as hydrocyanic acid, acrylonitrile, acrolein, acetonitrile and cyanohydrin. Pressurized hydrolysis-biochemical method is an effective treatment method. The indicators of effluent quality can meet the national industrial wastewater discharge standards.
11. The use of chemical coagulation-dissolved air flotation can effectively treat epoxy esters and other wastewater containing emulsified oil. It is a pretreatment technology with high efficiency, low energy consumption, large amount of processing, and high stability of scum.
12. Promote the reform of carbon tetrachloride production of carbon tetrachloride process, the use of vinyl chloride monomer and PVC emissions from the exhaust system of carbon tetrachloride and tetrachloroethylene, completely eliminate carbon disulfide pollution, but also make full use of vinyl chloride exhaust.
13. For flammable organic waste gas that cannot be recycled, direct combustion can be used to recover heat energy. Waste heat boilers can also be used to treat tail gas (butadiene extraction). The auxiliary combustion method can also be used to deal with, such as exhaust gas released by butanol and mixed combustion of heavy oil, so that incomplete oxidation reaction, the formation of water gas for the synthesis of ammonia and urea as raw materials.
14. Catalytic combustion is used to treat organic waste gas and malodorous substances for the purification of organic waste gases containing methanol, cyclohexanone, acetonitrile, cyclohexene, benzenes, cresols, phthalic anhydride, acrylic acid, and their esters.
15. Adsorption and absorption methods are used to treat organic waste gas. Activated carbon fiber adsorption can be widely used for the purification of organic waste gases such as aromatic hydrocarbons, dichloroethane, methylene chloride, vinyl chloride and cyclohexane, and can also recover a large amount of useful substances. Recovery and purification of gases or solvents in the exhaust gas can also be by absorption. For example, if water absorbs the phthalic anhydride tail gas, fumarate isomerized to obtain fumaric acid; PTFE absorbs waste gas from tetrafluoroethylene directly to produce 2402 high-efficiency fire extinguishing agent (1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane).
16. The incineration method is used to treat the organic fluorine residue. For the production of methane chloride, tetrachloroethylene, vinyl chloride, etc., the discharge of by-product chloride residues can be treated by catalytic oxidation. After treatment, the chlorine in the tail gas can be used to produce bleach and ferric chloride.
1. The old process was reformed and no waste or waste was used. Such as ethylene direct oxidation instead of ethylene hydration production of acetaldehyde, to avoid the use of mercury-containing catalysts to eliminate mercury pollution; the use of co-oxidation instead of chlorohydrin to produce propylene oxide; ethylene oxychlorination instead of acetylene production of vinyl chloride; ethylene Fluidized bed catalytic gas-phase synthesis instead of acetylene production of vinyl acetate.
2. The phasing out of sodium cyanide production of plexiglass devices is being phased out. New installations must use an ammoxidation process to make acrylonitrile units and by-product hydrogen cyanide to produce organic MMA. The cyanide-containing wastewater discharged from the retained sodium cyanide production plant must be treated with reliable treatment technologies to achieve discharge standards.
3. It is forbidden to build a 1,000-ton anhydrous hydrogen fluoride plant and incinerate the highly toxic residue of F22 cracking residue and intermediate residue residue. It is forbidden to dilute and discharge.
4. Conduct research on efficient pretreatment or recycling technologies. Comprehensive utilization of high concentrations of waste liquids and residues of organic products such as methanol, ethanol, butyl octanol, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate. No virucidal liquid and residue are used in the technology. It is necessary to use incineration or fixed-point storage.
5. The use of “benzene-free terminators†instead of benzene terminators in the production process of chloroprene rubber can save a large amount of industrial benzene per year and eliminate benzene pollution to the environment.
(6) Recovery of phenol from waste water from the production of phenol, hydroquinone, phenolic resin, etc. using liquid membrane extraction or macroporous resin adsorption. The effluent contains phenol up to 0.5 mg/L and the phenol removal efficiency is over 99%.
7. The sodium formate in pentaerythritol mother liquor was recovered by fractional crystallization. The mother liquor can also be acidified, esterified and aminated to produce dimethylformamide (DMF).
8. Epoxy compounds (ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, epichlorohydrin) saponification wastewater is an organic waste water with high salt content, high suspended solids, high organic chloride concentration, and hard to degrade. Air floatation is recommended - Anaerobic-aerobic treatment technology.
9. Nitrobenzene hydrogenation process for the production of aniline production wastewater, azeotropic distillation can be used to recover aniline, the wastewater after chemical oxidation, the aniline removal rate of 99.99%, the effluent pollutants indicators up to standard emissions.
10. Acrylonitrile production wastewater contains toxic substances such as hydrocyanic acid, acrylonitrile, acrolein, acetonitrile and cyanohydrin. Pressurized hydrolysis-biochemical method is an effective treatment method. The indicators of effluent quality can meet the national industrial wastewater discharge standards.
11. The use of chemical coagulation-dissolved air flotation can effectively treat epoxy esters and other wastewater containing emulsified oil. It is a pretreatment technology with high efficiency, low energy consumption, large amount of processing, and high stability of scum.
12. Promote the reform of carbon tetrachloride production of carbon tetrachloride process, the use of vinyl chloride monomer and PVC emissions from the exhaust system of carbon tetrachloride and tetrachloroethylene, completely eliminate carbon disulfide pollution, but also make full use of vinyl chloride exhaust.
13. For flammable organic waste gas that cannot be recycled, direct combustion can be used to recover heat energy. Waste heat boilers can also be used to treat tail gas (butadiene extraction). The auxiliary combustion method can also be used to deal with, such as exhaust gas released by butanol and mixed combustion of heavy oil, so that incomplete oxidation reaction, the formation of water gas for the synthesis of ammonia and urea as raw materials.
14. Catalytic combustion is used to treat organic waste gas and malodorous substances for the purification of organic waste gases containing methanol, cyclohexanone, acetonitrile, cyclohexene, benzenes, cresols, phthalic anhydride, acrylic acid, and their esters.
15. Adsorption and absorption methods are used to treat organic waste gas. Activated carbon fiber adsorption can be widely used for the purification of organic waste gases such as aromatic hydrocarbons, dichloroethane, methylene chloride, vinyl chloride and cyclohexane, and can also recover a large amount of useful substances. Recovery and purification of gases or solvents in the exhaust gas can also be by absorption. For example, if water absorbs the phthalic anhydride tail gas, fumarate isomerized to obtain fumaric acid; PTFE absorbs waste gas from tetrafluoroethylene directly to produce 2402 high-efficiency fire extinguishing agent (1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane).
16. The incineration method is used to treat the organic fluorine residue. For the production of methane chloride, tetrachloroethylene, vinyl chloride, etc., the discharge of by-product chloride residues can be treated by catalytic oxidation. After treatment, the chlorine in the tail gas can be used to produce bleach and ferric chloride.
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