Buffer packaging design must take into account three key elements: the environment, the product itself, and the materials used in the packaging. Each of these factors plays a critical role in ensuring that the product remains intact during transportation and storage.
First, environmental factors are crucial. During the distribution process—especially during loading, unloading, and transportation—products are often exposed to various forms of impact. If the cushioning performance of the packaging is inadequate, it can lead to damage. For example, during manual handling, cranes, forklifts, or conveyor belts, impacts can occur due to dropping, colliding with other items, or improper handling. In transportation, shocks may come from airplane landings, sudden braking in trains or cars, uneven roads, sharp turns, or even the movement of waves on ships. For military goods, there's also the risk of impact during air drops.
Second, the packaging structure itself needs careful analysis. The stronger the package’s resistance to external forces, the less likely it is to be damaged during transit. Common types of mechanical damage during distribution include:
1. A part of the homogeneous packaging may experience excessive force due to external impact. When this force exceeds the material’s strength limit, plastic deformation or brittle fracture can occur.
2. The outer shell of the packaging container or package may be damaged by direct impact.
3. Stress concentration at certain points of the package can cause structural failure when subjected to impact.
4. Weakly welded or bent parts of the packaged item may break under the influence of external forces.
5. On movable components of the package, if the fixing mechanism is not strong enough, external impacts may cause movement, leading to internal collisions and further damage.
In addition to these technical considerations, it's also important to choose the right materials and design strategies that enhance the protective function of the packaging. Proper buffer design not only prevents physical damage but also helps maintain the quality and integrity of the product throughout its journey.
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